management and prevention for Diabetes

Management

Main article: Diabetes management

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which is difficult to cure. Management concentrates on keeping blood sugar levels as close to normal ("euglycemia") as possible without presenting undue patient danger. This can usually be with close dietary management, exercise, and use of appropriate medications (insulin only in the case of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Oral medications may be used in the case of type 2 diabetes, as well as insulin).

Patient education, understanding, and participation is vital since the complications of diabetes are far less common and less severe in people who have well-managed blood sugar levels.^[17][18] Wider health problems may accelerate the deleterious effects of diabetes. These include smoking, elevated cholesterol levels, obesity, high blood pressure, and lack of regular exercise.

Lifestyle modifications

Main article: Diabetic diet

There are roles for patient education, dietetic support, sensible exercise, with the goal of keeping both short-term and long-term blood glucose levels within acceptable bounds. In addition, given the associated higher risks of cardiovascular disease, lifestyle modifications are recommended to control blood pressure.^[19]

Medications

Oral medications

Main article: Anti-diabetic drug

Routine use of aspirin has not been found to improve outcomes in uncomplicated diabetes.^[20]

Insulin

Main article: Insulin therapy

Type 1 treatments usually include combinations of regular or NPH insulin, and/or synthetic insulin analogs.